Files
guard/docs/install.md
T
abrown38andClaude Opus 5.5 d06bf8d531 Guard: watch logs, ban misbehaving addresses in Housecarl
Files and the journal, patterns with one <IP>, bounties within a window,
bans in a Housecarl ban list with repeat offenders' bans growing; presets
for sshd, jarl, housecarl, steward, bind-xfr, postfix-sasl, dovecot,
nginx-auth and housecarl-drops; guard run/check/test/status/bans/ban/unban;
a Debian package with a sandboxed unit; an end-to-end test with Housecarl.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-22 16:29:37 +01:00

2.5 KiB

Installing Guard

Guard runs on any Linux machine whose logs it should watch: a web server behind the firewall, a mail server, the firewall itself. It needs Housecarl 0.2 or later (ban lists) on the firewall, reachable from the machine.

1. A ban list and a token, in Housecarl

On the firewall, make a ban list for this machine, and a user with a token that may ban into it and nothing else:

hc banlist add web --scope hosts --host 10.0.10.57 --host 2001:db8:10::57
hc user add guard-web --no-password --grant bans:write:web
sudo hc token create web --user guard-web

The scope says what a banned address is kept from:

  • hosts: this machine (its addresses), the usual choice for a server behind the firewall. Port forwards to it are covered too.
  • firewall: the firewall itself, for Guard running on the firewall.
  • everything: the firewall and everything behind it.

A watch that reads Housecarl's own log (housecarl-drops) also needs --grant log:read.

2. The package

sudo apt install ./guard_0.1.0_amd64.deb

It makes the guard user (in the adm and systemd-journal groups, to read logs), installs guard.service without starting it, and writes an example /etc/guard/guard.yaml.

From source instead (Go 1.27): make && sudo make install, then sudo systemd-sysusers guard.conf && sudo chgrp guard /etc/guard /etc/guard/guard.yaml && sudo systemctl daemon-reload.

3. The configuration

Put the token in /etc/guard/token:

sudo install -m 0640 -g guard /dev/stdin /etc/guard/token <<< 'housecarl_…'

and edit /etc/guard/guard.yaml: Housecarl's URL, the ban list, and the watches (configuration.md). Then:

sudo -u guard guard check                  # the file, the patterns, Housecarl
sudo -u guard guard test ssh               # what the ssh watch finds in the journal
sudo systemctl enable --now guard
guard status                               # as root

On the firewall itself, use Housecarl's local socket instead of the URL (housecarl.socket: /run/housecarl/housecarl.sock), and give the guard user access to it: SupplementaryGroups=adm systemd-journal housecarl in systemctl edit guard. A token is still needed: Housecarl trusts only root and its own user on the socket without one.

fail2ban instead

If you already run fail2ban, Housecarl ships an action for it that bans into a ban list the same way (Housecarl's docs/bans.md). Guard and fail2ban can also run side by side, on different machines or watching different logs.